NAPSA and lung adenocarcinoma: Among the patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma, ELF-napsin A at the nodule site was 11091 (326–55729) ng∙mL−1 after correction for the dilution factor, while that at the contralateral site was 805 (180–5266) ng∙mL−1, indicating a significant difference (P < 0.001, Fig. 3a).