In-line with the findings of a previous report27, our immunohistochemical analyses of CxCa tissues confirmed that both E2 hormone and ERα were primarily localized in the nuclei of stromal fibroblasts and tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), and analysis of purified cell subsets identified strong expression of E2 and ERα in isolated Treg cells. This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and neoplasm.