TGFB1 and neoplasm: To analyse whether ectopic Rac1b also impacts regulation of other TGF-β target genes we studied in the same cells regulation of E-cadherin, an EMT-associated gene that is downregulated by this growth factor, and regulation of proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a G protein-coupled receptor implicated in tumour cell invasion/metastasis32 and required for a full-blown TGF-β response28.