EGFR and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In short, gefitinib (which has been reapproved by the FDA) and erlotinib (both first-generation TKIs) and, more recently, afatinib (second-generation TKI) are nowadays first-line options in several countries for patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC, and as a result, clinical guidelines are largely concordant in recommending EGFR mutation analysis in all patients with advanced nonsquamous histology regardless of clinical characteristics.