The first hints suggesting that histological subclassification of NSCLC could play a key role in treatment decision emerged from a randomised phase II trial investigating the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab, a humanised monoclonal antibody directed against the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in combination with carboplatin and paclitaxel in patients with advanced NSCLC [2]. Here, VEGFA is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.