NFKB1 and inflammatory bowel disease: Despite these discrepancies regarding the role of HIF-P4H-1 in the regulation of basal NF-κB activity, it seems clear that HIF-P4H-1 inhibition has beneficial effects under an inflammatory stimulus, which is further supported by our results that Hif-p4h-1−/− mice show less inflammation in an acute skin inflammation model and by several reports on protective effects of genetic inactivation of HIF-P4H-1 or treatment with HIF-P4H inhibitors in inflammatory bowel disease models20–26.