In conclusion, DEA induces tumor cell apoptosis through multiple pathways, including cell cycle arrest, AIF nuclear translocation, PARP-1 cleavage, activation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 activation, and inhibition of the ERK and Akt cytoprotective pathways (Fig 9). The gene discussed is PARP1; the disease is neoplasm.