Furthermore, we reported that [Zn(hkt)2] increased pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1), which is a transcription factor that translocates into the nucleus and induces the transcription of various gene including insulin, glucokinase (GK) and glucose transporter type 2 (GLUT 2) [35], as well as mRNA expression in RIN-5F cells, which are insulinoma β cells derived from rat [29]. The gene discussed is PDX1; the disease is pancreatic insulinoma.