As previously reported for the USA cohort, the biofilm status of paired normal tissues from MAL1 and MAL2 largely matched the biofilm status of the tumors from the same individual and therefore were called concordant pairs; only 2/21 MAL1 and 3/23 MAL2 patients had discordant biofilm scores between their tumor and normal tissues, all 5 of which were cases in which the tumor was biofilm positive but the paired normal tissue was negative. Here, MAL2 is linked to neoplasm.