INS and Insulin resistance: The main feature of the pathogenesis of DM is insulin resistance.70 Resistance to insulin appears tooccur via genetic factors and/or failure in the recognition of the hormone by IR dueto an increase in the levels of fatty acids, glycerol and glucose.71 It has been shown that highaccumulation of glucose and fat in the blood induces the activation of immune cells,and thereby the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β andTNF-α.