NFKB1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: The regularly observed increased inflammatory responses in obesity related comorbidities were recently linked to central inflammatory mediators nuclear kappa B (NF-κB) and hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) [65,66], that modulate cell transcription, shape nutritional-immunity status of the gut and induce the release of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) [67].