Mutations in Neurofibromatosis-1 (NF1) produce neurofibromas and between 30% and 65% of children with NF1 mutations display learning disabilities and display significantly higher rates of autism, suggesting a causal relationship to autism (Rosser and Packer, 2003; Garg et al., 2013). This evidence concerns the gene NF1 and plexiform neurofibroma.