VEGFA and glioblastoma: Although two large randomized trials failed to show increased OS with addition of bevacizumab, an anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody, to the current treatment strategy [23, 24], it is regularly used in the treatment of recurrent GBM due to a demonstrated ability to prolong progression-free survival (PFS), reduce the use of immunosuppressive corticosteroids, and improve patient quality of life, both as a monotherapy and in combination with other cytotoxic agents [25–28].