Delayed Gas-D administration significantly ameliorated neurological deficits, cerebral infarction, and neuropathological changes, including a decrease in NeuN-positive neurons and increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes, Iba-1-positive microglia/macrophages, and CD3-positive T-lymphocytes in the ischemic cerebral cortex. This evidence concerns the gene AIF1 and brain infarction.