PAFAH1B1 and lissencephaly spectrum disorders: Of note, DCX (doublecortin) and LIS1 (lissencephaly-1), the causative genes for X-linked lissencephaly and type 1 lissencephaly respectively, are expressed in infiltrating glioma cells (Figure 1), delineating the infiltrating glioma cells in the brain comparable to the expression pattern of MAP-2e, a splicing variant of MAP-2 (microtubule-associated protein-2) that has been shown to detect glioma invasion into the adjacent brain tissue [7,8,9].