CD4 and coinfection: In the Cox regression analysis, in fact, RHI showed a 1.5-fold higher probability of CD4+ gain ≥200 cells/mmc (RHI: 6.85 events/PYFU, 95%CI 5.79–8.1; NRHI: 5.79 events/PYFU, 95%CI 5.09–6.6; HR 1.46 versus NRHI, 95%CI 1.18–1.81), also following adjustment for calendar period and type of antiretroviral regimen started (adjusted HR 1.33, 95%CI 1.05–1.69) and for age, HCV co-infection and smoking (adjusted HR 1.44, 95%CI 1.09–1.9); the difference in probability was however largely attenuated after further controlling for baseline HIV-RNA and CD4+ count (adjusted HR 1.23, 95%CI 0.98–1.54).