TLR2 and chronic hepatitis: Currently, TLR2 ligands are undergoing clinical testing as adjuvants in vaccines for the treatment of Lyme disease, malaria, HIV, HBV, and HPV, while TLR7 ligands are being tested for their benefits in the treatment of cancer (leukemia, prostate cancer, melanomas, breast cancer, and B cell lymphomas), chronic hepatitis, asthma, and rhinitis [2–4, 23].