Accumulating clinical studies has pointed that the imbalance of Th1/Th2 paradigm are important in chronic inflammatory process of IBD (Sartor, 1997; Abraham and Cho, 2009; de Souza and Fiocchi, 2016), and it may be further associated with disease activity and the response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitor in patients with IBD (Li et al., 2016). Here, TNF is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.