HSPA1A and malaria: Although it is still a matter of debate whether membrane-bound HSP70 exerts chaperoning activity for adjacent proteins, such as receptors or signalling molecules, a membrane localization of HSP70 has been associated with different diseases, including neurotoxic prion disease [18], encephalitis viral diseases [19], malaria-infected erythrocytes [20,21] and glioblastomas [22].