This group also reports up-regulation of ventricular Cacna1h, Scn1b and Hcn2 vs. down-regulation of Hcn4, Kcna2, Kcna4 and Kcnj2 in this model [449], and up-regulation of genes encoding cardiac LTCC proteins (Cacna1c, Cacna1g, Cacna1h and Cacna2d1) in association with prolongation of Ca2+ transients in the ZDF rat model of T2DM [448]. The gene discussed is CACNA1C; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.