We observed that a high number of autophagy associated genes such as Optineurin, ATG5, ATG12, Beclin1, PI3K class III, and ULK1 (Figure 6(d)) and mitophagy such as AMBRA1, BNIP3, BNIP3L, FUNDC1, VDAC1, and VCP/P97 (Figure 6(e)) were downregulated in AD brain with respect to healthy controls. Here, FUNDC1 is linked to Alzheimer disease.