Considering available data about TWEAK involvement in their pathogenesis, we will successively focus on MS, neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE), cerebral ischemia, glioma, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson’s disease, and schizophrenia (Table 1). Here, TNFSF12 is linked to myeloid sarcoma.