The anti-tumor effect of CD27 ligation has been demonstrated in murine B cell lymphoma (French et al., 2007) and melanoma models (Roberts et al., 2010), and preliminary results of the phase I studies of the anti-human CD27 mAb, varlilumab demonstrate that it is well tolerated and has anti-tumor efficacy (Burris et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene CD27 and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.