TNF and infection: However, treated ZBMD‐1 in mice with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) activation did not alter the expression of TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IL‐6, CXCL1 and CCL2 in lung, indicted that ZBMD‐1 has no effect on the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in the absence of infection (Fig. 7B).