TGFB1 and keloid: However, only a few genes responsible for keloids have been found, including several HLA alleles (HLA-DRB1*15, HLA-DQA1*0104, DQ-B1*0501, and DQB1*0503), 25 dysregulated genes associated with apoptosis, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, interleukin (IL)-6, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 as well as 32 dysregulated miRNAs [24, 27].