It will be important to identify which types of AHR-activating ligands have pro-cancer effects (TCDD), which have anti-cancer effects (1MT), and what downstream activation panels will be most useful in screening compounds for bioactivity, via Cyp1a1/Cyp1b1 induction, Nrf2 repression or activation of MAPK12 or IL-1a. Here, MAPK12 is linked to cancer.