Although the role of miR-499 in the pathogenesis of SLE, RA and GD is not well understood, it has been demonstrated that miR-499 targets IL-17RB, IL6, IL-23a, IL-2RB, IL-2, and IL-18R, suggesting its potential to influence these AIDs [8, 11]. Here, IL18R1 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.