Because the up-regulation of MCP-1 in astrocytes is demonstrated to have an important role in recruiting leukocytes in the CNS during MS (47–49), and the P2X7R agonist BzATP increases MCP-1 expression in astrocytes through P2X7R activation (50), we evaluated the expression of this chemokine in our human SPMS cortical tissue and its potential colocalization with P2X7R on astrocytes. This evidence concerns the gene CCL2 and myeloid sarcoma.