The primary reason for this extensive ECM remodeling and structural weakness of the vein wall has still not been clearly explained, but numerous factors, including TGF-β1, seem to be implicated not only in the pathogenesis of varicose veins, but also in numerous complications associated with varicose veins (e.g., thrombophlebitis, lipodermatosclerosis, venous ulcers) [13,113,114]. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is varicose ulcer.