INS and neoplasm: Adiponectin binds two receptors isoforms (AdipoR1, AdipoR2) and acts as an insulin-sensitizer, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor agent, the latter by inhibiting cell proliferation and angiogenesis and increasing apoptosis via the involvement of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), MAPK, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/PKB/Akt pathways (61, 64).