In CML, Zhang et al. demonstrated that LSCs have increased expression of IL-1 receptors and IL-1RAP and that treatment with an IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) in a CML mouse model inhibits IL-1 signaling and growth of CML LSCs in vivo (91). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.