INS and Glucose intolerance: HF and HF + HG mice displayed glucose intolerance and insulin resistance (Fig. 2D,E), and had higher concentrations of serum insulin (0.34 ± 0.1 ng/ml in STD, 1.41 ± 0.3 ng/ml in HF, 0.69 ± 0.2 ng/ml in HG, and 1.53 ± 0.3 ng/ml in HF + HG mice; HF or HF + HG vs STD, p < 0.001; Fig. 2G).