For example, FOXO3 upregulates the cell-cycle inhibitor p27Kip1 and the retinoblastoma-related p130 (Rb2) tumour suppressor to induce G0/G1 arrest and the DNA damage-inducible protein 45 (GADD45) to induce G2 arrest [15], [16]. This evidence concerns the gene FOXO3 and neoplasm.