In recent years, the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activating mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) chromosomic rearrangements with corresponding tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has revolutionized the treatment strategies of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [3, 4]. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.