TGFB1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Several reports have demonstrated over-expression of miR-221-3p and miR-222-3p in human HCC, which is associated with inhibition of apoptosis, activation of the TGF-β, Wnt/β-catenin, and mTOR signaling pathways, cell migration, invasion, and the formation of a more aggressive tumor phenotype [27–31].