Finally, thirty-four RCTs were included in this study, including 2483 patients who were randomly assigned to receive placebo (n = 749), an anti-proliferation agent, such as MMC (n = 1007), 5-FU (n = 238), β-RT (n = 123), or the anti-VEGF agent bevacizumab (n = 366) to prevent recurrence after pterygium surgery. The gene discussed is VEGFA; the disease is pterygium.