CYP3A4 and prostate carcinoma: CYP3A4⋆1B conferred an increased risk for the development of prostate cancer through mediation of prostate cell growth and differentiation [47], while a functional study demonstrated that CYP3A4⋆1B enhances CYP3A4 expression by altering its promoter binding affinity to transcriptional factors compared to CYP3A4⋆1A [48].