Collectively, the data obtained in both KRT14creIL-4Rα−/lox BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice mitigate an autocrine role for IL-4/IL-13 signaling on keratinocytes in the development of a non-healing Th2/type 2 or protective Th1/type 1 immune response, respectively, following experimental infection with L. major LV39 and IL-81 in mice. This evidence concerns the gene IL4 and infection.