As a matter of fact, we observed increases in GFAP- and S100β-immunoreactivities in TNBS-induced ileitis suggesting that the inflammatory insult may stimulate enteric glial cells proliferation (Bradley et al., 1997) and/or activate the expression/synthesis of glial protein cell markers (Cabarrocas et al., 2003). Here, GFAP is linked to Crohn ileitis.