The following types of drugs are used in the current clinical practice for the treatment of T2DM: insulin release increasing drugs (sulfonyl ureas), biguanides, in which the mechanism of action is not clear yet, nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ agonists (e.g., thiazolidinediones), α-glucosidase inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, insulin secretagogues (injectable incretin analogues), and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors2. This evidence concerns the gene INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus.