Mean fasting plasma leptin concentration was ~4.5 times higher in HF- than Chow-fed groups (p < 0.001), and about three times lower in EX than the SED groups (p < 0.001); the interaction between HF diet and exercise was significant (p < 0.024), where the effect of exercise on leptin concentrations was greater in the HF-fed than Chow-fed groups (Table 2). Here, LEP is linked to hydrops fetalis.