In a randomized parallel trial [36], subjects with prediabetes who followed an ADA (American Diabetes Association) diet containing 20% of energy from almonds (60 g/day of pre-packaged raw or dry roasted almonds) for 16 weeks showed a significant reduction in fasting insulin concentrations (−23% vs. +19%; p = 0.002), HOMA-IR (−25% vs. +0.3%; p = 0.007) and homeostasis model analysis for beta-cell function (HOMA-B; −18% vs. +30.0%; p = 0.001) with no alteration in fasting glucose, compared with an almond-free control group. This evidence concerns the gene INS and prediabetes syndrome.