This study demonstrated that maternal anemia, defined as an Hb level <9.0 g/dl, was inversely associated with successful initiation of EBF at discharge and 1 month after discharge, and an Hb level of 9.0–10.9 g/dl was inversely associated with successful initiation of EBF at 1 month after discharge. This evidence concerns the gene GSTM1 and anemia.