TBX5 and colonic neoplasm: YAP1 was first identified as an oncogene in liver cancer in which YAP1 cooperates with a co-amplified gene cIAP1 to accelerate tumor formation and sustain rapid tumor growth.[13] In β-catenin-driven colon cancer, YAP1 forms a complex with β-catenin and TBX5, which contributes to malignant transformation and promotes colon cancer cell proliferation.[29] In esophageal cancer, YAP1 mediates EGFR overexpression that confers cancer cells chemoresistance.[30]