TNF and infection: The results showed that four additional miRNAs were altered by HHV-6A and 6B infection (Figure 3), as both viruses, although to a different extent, induced a significant decrease (up to 12-fold compared to controls; p ≤ 0.001) of miR-155 and miR-181, which are respectively involved in cytotoxicity and maturation of NK cells, and a concomitant significant increase (up to 14-fold; p ≤ 0.001) in the expression of miR-146 and miR-223, which are associated to NK cell effector functions, including IFNγ and TNFα production.