Genetic association studies of dental caries have suggested that caries may be influenced by variations in enamel formation genes, such as ameloblastin (AMBN), amelogenin (AMELX), enamelin (ENAM), matrix metalloproteinase 20 (MMP20), tuftelin (TUFT1), and tuftelin-interacting protein 11 (TFIP11) (Shimizu et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2012; Gasse et al., 2013; Shaffer et al., 2015; Gerreth et al., 2016). This evidence concerns the gene MMP20 and dental caries.