Therefore, we measured the level of eight inflammatory mediators (IL1β, IL1Ra, IL6, IL10, CCL3(MIP1α), CCL4(MIP1β), TNFα and VEGF) and investigated the gene expression of nine inflammation-related miRNAs (miR-106a-5p, miR-223a-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-195-5p, miR-204-5p, miR-203-3p, miR-155-5p, let-7a-5p and let-7c-5p) and four downstream effectors (STAT-3, C-JUN, ICER and CCR5) in brain tissues obtained from fifty two epilepsy patients (twenty six HS and twenty six FCD) and twenty two non-epileptic control subjects using multiplex immunoassay and quantitative RT-PCR respectively. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and epilepsy.