The E. chaffeensis and EtpE-C-coated bead entry pathway involves EtpE-C ligation of DNase X, which recruits and binds human transmembrane glycoprotein CD147 (basigin), cytoplasmic and nuclear heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP-K), and N-WASP (30); all four of these human proteins are required for ehrlichial entry into host cells and establishment of infection (30). Here, DNASE1L1 is linked to infection.