Expression level of LYVE–1 in para-cancerous tissues was significantly higher than that in tumor tissues (P < 0.001), and a higher expression level VEGFR–3 was also found in para-cancerous tissues compared with that in tumor tissues (P = 0.013), whereas a different result was found for Podoplanin, the higher expression level was checked in tumor tissues (P = 0.016). The gene discussed is PDPN; the disease is neoplasm.