The underlying cytopathology in CUNV appears similar to that found in gastroparesis including loss of ICC [44]) therefore if a sufficiently large cohort of patients with CUNV can be obtained; it will be informative to investigate whether polyGT allele length in the HMOX1 promoter associates with symptom severity in CUNV. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.