NFKB1 and inflammatory bowel disease: Inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract thought to result from inappropriate inflammatory responses to intestinal microbes.94 The pathogenesis of IBD involves multiple cell types of the mucosal immune system, including intestinal epithelial cells, innate immune cells such as macrophages and neutrophils, T cells and innate lymphoid cells.95 Strong evidence suggests the involvement of NF-κB in the pathogenesis of IBD.